Karahantepe, located in Şanlıurfa's Tek Tek Mountains National Park, stands out as one of the oldest settlement areas in human history. Referred to as the ‘sister site’ of Göbeklitepe, this area sheds light on the unknown aspects of the Neolithic period. Karahantepe is of great importance to archaeologists and history enthusiasts, particularly for its ritual structures, sculptures, and symbolism. So, what is Karahantepe? And how to visit Karahantepe? Let's explore together!
Karahantepe is an extraordinary settlement dating back to the Neolithic Period, approximately 12,000 years ago, or 10,000 BC. This site, which bears the traces of humanity's transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled life, provides unique insights into the social structure, belief systems, and daily life of the period. Discovered in 1997 by Prof. Dr. Abdüsselam Uluçam and his team, Karahantepe is one of the oldest known ritual centres in human history. The stone structures, standing stones and symbols in the region shed light on the cultural and religious rituals of the Neolithic period and enable us to understand the way of life of the people of that period.
Source: Vincent Vega
Karahantepe was discovered in 1997, but remained in obscurity for a long time. However, with the huge impact that Göbeklitepe had on the world of archaeology, the importance of Karahantepe also came to light. Located approximately 55 kilometres from the city centre of Şanlıurfa, on the limestone elevations of Tek Tek Mountains National Park, this area was a golden discovery for archaeologists. The first excavations and research in the region revealed the similarities and differences between Karahantepe and Göbeklitepe, solidifying its place in human history.
Source: Şanlıurfa Vakfı
Karahantepe is home to an incredibly rich collection of sculptures and figures dating back to the Neolithic period. These sculptures reveal the beliefs, social structure and artistic understanding of the people of that period. Among the most notable finds are human figures approximately 2.3 metres in length, which clearly demonstrate the perspective on the human figure and artistic skill of the period. Additionally, the phallic figures found at Karahantepe were used as sacred symbols of fertility and abundance during that time and held an important place in their belief systems. Among the animal figures, species such as wild boars and vultures stand out, reflecting the strong connection between hunter-gatherer societies and nature. The rich diversity of these sculptures further emphasises the importance of Karahantepe in cultural and religious rituals.
Source: Arkeoloji Sanat
The archaeological excavations carried out in Karahantepe are progressing with scientific methods, planned with meticulousness and attention to detail. The excavation work focuses on the stone structures, standing stones and other archaeological remains in the region, providing comprehensive information about the ritual life and social structure of the Neolithic period. Thanks to the excavations, it is now clearer how communities organised themselves during this period, what belief systems they adopted, and what kinds of practices they carried out in their daily lives. The excavations at Karahantepe are considered one of the most important archaeological projects not only in Turkey but also in the world, and they continue to contribute new findings to the scientific community.
Source: KTB
Göbeklitepe and Karahantepe share many architectural similarities. Both sites feature large stone pillars, symbols, and sculptures, offering clues to the ritual and social structure of the Neolithic period. However, archaeological evidence suggesting that Karahantepe is older than Göbeklitepe indicates that this region may have been the centre of a much more advanced civilisation during the prehistoric period. This strengthens Karahantepe's potential to be one of the oldest temples in human history. Therefore, Karahantepe is considered not only an extension of Göbeklitepe but also a new mysterious site with great archaeological and historical significance in its own right.
Karahantepe is located approximately 55 kilometres from the city centre of Şanlıurfa, within the boundaries of Tek Tek Mountains National Park. The region offers a unique experience for both nature lovers and history enthusiasts with its limestone elevations and natural beauty. The most convenient way to reach Karahantepe is by private vehicle. After a journey of approximately 50 minutes from Şanlıurfa, this ancient site awaits visitors. Obtaining information in advance about transportation routes and road conditions in the area will make your visit easier.
Source: Taş Tepeler
Karahantepe, which has not yet been officially opened to tourism, is an area where archaeological excavations and research are ongoing. For this reason, visits are usually carried out with the permission and guidance of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the relevant archaeology teams. Visiting hours are generally from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and there is no entrance fee. It is important for those wishing to visit Karahantepe to make a reservation in advance and tour the area with a guide, both for visitor safety and to protect the archaeological site. Visitors have the opportunity to discover the natural and cultural riches of the region while also experiencing the secrets of prehistoric human history first-hand.
Source: Taş Tepeler
Karahantepe is considered one of the most valuable archaeological sites not only in Turkey but also in world history, as it is one of the oldest settlement areas in human history. This site has opened up new horizons for the scientific world by revealing many previously unknown details about the social structure, belief systems, architecture and daily life of the Neolithic period. The discovery of Karahantepe not only deepens our understanding of prehistoric periods but is also considered a major turning point in the shaping of human history. For this reason, Karahantepe is a unique discovery site for history and archaeology enthusiasts.
Source: Arkeonews