Those who watch weightlifting competitions know, weightlifters sometimes bring a small capsule close to their nose before approaching the bar. They take a deep breath and suddenly their focus changes. This situation is quite intriguing for the viewers. So, what is that thing they are smelling? Does it really improve their performance? Or is it just a psychological effect? Let's take a closer look scientifically.
Ammonia, when inhaled, stimulates the respiratory tract and reflexively increases the breathing rate. This sudden change also accelerates heartbeats and triggers the secretion of adrenaline, known as the 'fight or flight' response in the body.
Adrenaline, while increasing concentration, makes the body more alert for a short time. However, this does not increase the actual strength of the muscles. So, ammonia helps you lift heavier, but it does not make your muscles stronger than they are.
Normally, pain, fatigue, or fear of injury can cause you to stay below your maximum lifting weight. We can say that ammonia temporarily eliminates these obstacles by increasing concentration.
Thus, the weightlifter uses his existing muscle strength more effectively. However, let's underline that the effect does not last very long. Athletes usually break and sniff the capsule just before the lift.
However, different chemicals that open the respiratory tract are not preferred as they fall into the doping category. Besides the momentary focus provided by ammonia, there are other options. Caffeine has been found effective in increasing strength and endurance in scientific research.
Supplements like creatine also allow for more repetitions by speeding up muscle recovery. However, let's underline that the main determinant for athletes is not ammonia, but regular training and correct form.